Factors that affect the speed of transport of the Plant

Water that is transported by the xylem vessels used for photosynthesis and transpiration. Speed ​​of transport is governed by transpiration at the leaf stomata. The rate of transpiration is affected by environmental conditions such as humidity, temperature, light, wind, and soil water content.

Moisture. Naturally there is water vapor in the air expressed by moisture. The release of water from the air spaces in the leaves was also affected by the level of water in the surrounding vegetation. If the humidity around the plant height, the diffusion of water from the air space in plants will be slow. Conversely, if the humidity around the plants is low (dry), the diffusion of water from the air spaces in the plant will go faster.

Temperature. The increase in temperature is followed by a rise in temperature of the leaf cells. This situation will accelerate the evaporation of water from the leaf mesophyll cells into the intercellular cavities resulting in an increase in the rate of transpiration. At a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, the leaves can be transpire for three times faster than at 20 degrees Celsius.

Light. If the light intensity increases, the plant transpiration increases. This happens not because the light directly affects transpiration, but because the light cause stomata open so the plant loses water.

Wind. In general, winds tend to increase the rate of transpiration as wind swept the accumulated water vapor near the surface. Similarly, wind can cause the humid air entrainment around the leaf to another place so that the moist air is replaced by air is not humid. This situation can be further accelerated the process of transpiration. Even a gentle breeze will cause transpiration faster than without wind.

Groundwater. If the water content in the soil enough so that the soil water potential is higher than in the cells of plants, the flow of water in the wood or xylem vessels and the rate of transpiration increases. In addition, water levels in the surrounding soil where plants grow will affect the speed of the process of absorption by the roots. If the water content of the soil is very little, then the process will be slow absorption or unbalanced compared transpiration rate power. If water uptake is not balanced by the rate of transpiration, the turgor pressure is reduced. Decreased turgor pressure causes the closing of stomata, so that transpiration is smaller than the absorption of water. Stomatal closure reduces the rate of transpiration. However, when the stomata are open, transpiration is high so it must be balanced with the availability of water in the soil around the plant.