history and characteristics of the hydrogen atomic

Hydrogen atom is an element that was ranked first in the periodic system of elements with atomic number and mass number 1. Atom is located at the upper left end in the arrangement of the periodic system of elements. This is certainly due to the properties that exist in the hydrogen atomic. But, before that let us first see the history of the hydrogen atomic itself. (image from wikipedia.org)

If we are talking about hydrogen, we would think about a gas fluid that has a high level of flammability. Of course, if the temperature of ordinary air around us, has the form of hydrogen gas, but at temperatures several hundred degrees below 0 celcius would have a liquid form. But, do you know who knows all about the first hydrogen gas?

In its website, wikipedia explains that Henry Cavendish FRS (10 October 1731 – 24 February 1810) was a British scientist noted for his discovery of hydrogen or what he called "inflammable air". He described the density of inflammable air, which formed water on combustion, in a 1766 paper "On Factitious Airs".

Cavendish discovered hydrogen gas in the experiment known as the Cavendish experiment `s. In the experiments, Cavendish metal metal combines with strong acids to form hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas is collected and isolated in a device called the Cavendish apparatus. (image from wikipedia.org)

At that time, Cavendish observe and look for a general characteristics of the gas, called a term used prior to hydrogen, Cavendish called "inflammable air". He concluded that the hydrogen gas is able to react with oxygen to form water. Wikipedia says on its website that the water formed then known as "dephlogisticated air". James Watt and Antoine Lavoisier made ​​a similar observation, resulting in a Controversy as to WHO should receive credit for it. Cavendish however resisted Lavoisier's theory of chemical compounds, and Attempted to explain his experiment in terms of phlogiston.

Hydrogen is an element with the percentage in the wild as much as 75 percent, indicating that hydrogen is one of the largest element in the universe. Hydrogen in nature is generally tied to one another in the form of hydrogen gas, or with other metals or with oxygen to form water. These elements at standard temperature and pressure, has no color, no smell, has a valence of one, and non-metals. And as we know hydrogen gas is diatomic gas (which means two hydrogen atomic) are highly flammable. physical properties of the hydrogen atomic can be seen from the picture next to it (image from Wikipedia).

Hydrogen gas has many benefits for human life. Just look at the films we've ever seen. Because it is highly flammable, the hydrogen gas used as fuel booster rocket to fly into space. Liquid hydrogen is used as a coolant material so that the material has almost zero resistance. Besides, there are many functions of hydrogen, one of them as a marinade substances in a laboratory scale. Besides the benefits of hydrogen are as follows.

As a energy: a clean energy source, because it does not leave residues or harmful gas emissions, which produced only water. Also used as rocket fuel.

• Food and beverage industry: used in the hydrogenation process of amines and fatty acids.
• Lab: H2 is used as the carrier gas in gas chromathography and analytical tools to another lab.
• Polymers: H2 is used as raw material for plastic, polyester and nylon.
• The chemical industry: H2 gas is the raw material of H2O2 or hydrogen peroxide.
• Fertilizer industry: raw material for making hydrogen are ammonia (NH3).
• Oil and gas industry: used in the process of desulfurization of fuel oil and gasoline.
• Glass industry: hydrogen is used in heat treatment process of hollow glass (oxy-hydrogen flame) and fiber optic.

Hydrogen to form water in the process of chemical reaction (shown below) requires an energy of about 286 kilojoules per mole.

Seen in the above reaction, to form two molecules of water required 2 moles of hydrogen gas atomic is reacted with 1 mole of oxygen gas with an energy of 572 kilojoules.

In a further development, atomic hydrogen is used as a reference in the explanation of the structure of the atomic that we often find in the teaching of modern physics.

The ground state energy level of the electron in a hydrogen atom is −13.6 eV, which is equivalent to an ultraviolet photon of roughly 92 nm wavelength. The energy levels of hydrogen can be calculated fairly accurately using the Bohr model of the atom, which conceptualizes the electron as "orbiting" the proton in analogy to the Earth's orbit of the Sun. However, the electromagnetic force attracts electrons and protons to one another, while planets and celestial objects are attracted to each other by gravity. Because of the discretization of angular momentum postulated in early quantum mechanics by Bohr, the electron in the Bohr model can only occupy certain allowed distances from the proton, and therefore only certain allowed energies. And for other properties that you find at the picture beside.

A more accurate description of the hydrogen atom comes from a purely quantum mechanical treatment that uses the Schrödinger equation or the Feynman path integral formulation to calculate the probability density of the electron around the proton. The most complicated treatments allow for the small effects of special relativity and vacuum polarization. In the quantum mechanical treatment, the electron in a ground state hydrogen atom has no angular momentum at all— an illustration of how different the "planetary orbit" conception of electron motion differs from reality. (Wikipedia.org)

This is the element hydrogen which we learn, have a flammable nature and is very useful for human life. Guess what, if any hydrogen is not created by the creator of human beings may not be able to live in a place that we live in is because hydrogen is one basic element in the formation of water, and water is needed by humans. So, do not be surprised if the experts are saying that, hydrogen is one of the ancient elements that exist in this universe. And even the stars like the sun, is also formed from the elements with atomic numbers amounted to 1. So first article, God willing, the next articles I will discuss this again on hydrogen. Hopefully this article useful for us all.

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